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Network Working Group KOI8-U Working Group
Request for Comments: 2319 April 1998
Category: Informational
Ukrainian Character Set KOI8-U
Status of this Memo
This memo provides information for the Internet community. It does
not specify an Internet standard of any kind. Distribution of this
memo is unlimited.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (1998). All Rights Reserved.
Abstract
This document provides information about character encoding KOI8-U
(KOI8 Ukrainian) wich is a de-facto standard in Ukrainian Internet
community. KOI8-U is compatible with KOI8-R (RFC 1489) in all
Russian letters and extends it with four Ukrainian letters which
locations are compliant with ISO-IR-111. The official site of KOI8-U
Working Group is http://www.net.ua.
Introduction
This document provides information about character encoding KOI8-U
(KOI8 Ukrainian) widely used in Ukrainian Internet community for mail
and news exchange as well as for presentation of WWW information
resources in Ukrainian language.
Originally, specification of proposed standard koi8-u was officially
adopted by the conference of Postmasters of Ukrainian Internet
Service Providers in Slavsk in Autumn of 1992 presented by Igor
Sviridov from Kiev and Stas Vorony from Kharkiv. Later in June 1995
this specification was completed with UKRAINIAN GHE WITH UPTURN.
KOI8-U (KOI8 Ukrainian) is a de-facto standard supported in many
operation systems and Internet user applications including encoding
tables, fonts, locale support for many operating systems and
environments.
MIME character set name: koi8-u
KOI8-U Working Group Informational [Page 1]
RFC 2319 Ukrainian Character Set KOI8-U April 1998 Relation to other RFCs This standard is based on several published standards: RFC1489 (it is fully compatible in all Russian letters), RFC-1345, ISO-IR-111, ISO 10646. Compatibility with other character sets The lower part of the KOI8-U Ukrainian Character Set is a complete copy of ASCII, just as it's used in KOI8-R and other non-ASCII codepages. The upper part of the KOI8-U Character Set contains all Russian letters defined in KOI8-R and four Ukrainian letters (#164, #180 - ukr. ie, #166, #182 - ukr. i, #167, #183 - ukr. yi, #173, #189 - ukr. ghe with upturn) which locations are compliant with ISO-IR-111. BOX DRAWINGS elements in the other positions (that are not used by Ukrainian letters) are the same as in KOI8-R character set. List of all differences between KOI8-R and proposed KOI8-U is given in APPENDIX A. Specification of the upper part of KOI8-U codepage The description of all characters of upper half part of KOI8-U codepage is given according to ISO 10646 Unicode Character Set (UCS). KOI8-U charset table in RFC1345 format is given in Appendix B. <decimal> <hex-code> <UCS> <description> 128 80 U2500 BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT HORIZONTAL 129 81 U2502 BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT VERTICAL 130 82 U250C BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT DOWN AND RIGHT 131 83 U2510 BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT DOWN AND LEFT 132 84 U2514 BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT UP AND RIGHT 133 85 U2518 BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT UP AND LEFT 134 86 U251C BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT VERTICAL AND RIGHT 135 87 U2524 BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT VERTICAL AND LEFT 136 88 U252C BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT DOWN AND HORIZONTAL 137 89 U2534 BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT UP AND HORIZONTAL 138 8A U253C BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL 139 8B U2580 UPPER HALF BLOCK 140 8C U2584 LOWER HALF BLOCK 141 8D U2588 FULL BLOCK 142 8E U258C LEFT HALF BLOCK 143 8F U2590 RIGHT HALF BLOCK KOI8-U Working Group Informational [Page 2]
RFC 2319 Ukrainian Character Set KOI8-U April 1998 144 90 U2591 LIGHT SHADE 145 91 U2592 MEDIUM SHADE 146 92 U2593 DARK SHADE 147 93 U2320 TOP HALF INTEGRAL 148 94 U25A0 BLACK SQUARE 149 95 U2219 BULLET OPERATOR 150 96 U221A SQUARE ROOT 151 97 U2248 ALMOST EQUAL TO 152 98 U2264 LESS THAN OR EQUAL TO 153 99 U2265 GREATER THAN OR EQUAL TO 154 9A U00A0 NO-BREAK SPACE 155 9B U2321 BOTTOM HALF INTEGRAL 156 9C U00B0 DEGREE SIGN 157 9D U00B2 SUPERSCRIPT TWO 158 9E U00B7 MIDDLE DOT 159 9F U00F7 DIVISION SIGN 160 A0 U2550 BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE HORIZONTAL 161 A1 U2551 BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE VERTICAL 162 A2 U2552 BOX DRAWINGS DOWN SINGLE AND RIGHT DOUBLE 163 A3 U0451 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER IO 164 A4 U0454 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER UKRAINIAN IE 165 A5 U2554 BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE DOWN AND RIGHT 166 A6 U0456 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER BYELORUSSIAN- UKRAINIAN I 167 A7 U0457 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER YI (UKRAINIAN) 168 A8 U2557 BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE DOWN AND LEFT 169 A9 U2558 BOX DRAWINGS UP SINGLE AND RIGHT DOUBLE 170 AA U2559 BOX DRAWINGS UP DOUBLE AND RIGHT SINGLE 171 AB U255A BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE UP AND RIGHT 172 AC U255B BOX DRAWINGS UP SINGLE AND LEFT DOUBLE 173 AD U0491 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER GHE WITH UPTURN 174 AE U255D BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE UP AND LEFT 175 AF U255E BOX DRAWINGS VERTICAL SINGLE AND RIGHT DOUBLE 176 B0 U255F BOX DRAWINGS VERTICAL DOUBLE AND RIGHT SINGLE 177 B1 U2560 BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE VERTICAL AND RIGHT 178 B2 U2561 BOX DRAWINGS VERTICAL SINGLE AND LEFT DOUBLE 179 B3 U0401 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER IO 180 B4 U0404 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER UKRAINIAN IE 181 B5 U2563 BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE VERTICAL AND LEFT 182 B6 U0406 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER BYELORUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN I 183 B7 U0407 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER YI (UKRAINIAN) 184 B8 U2566 BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE DOWN AND HORIZONTAL 185 B9 U2567 BOX DRAWINGS UP SINGLE AND KOI8-U Working Group Informational [Page 3]
RFC 2319 Ukrainian Character Set KOI8-U April 1998 HORIZONTAL DOUBLE 186 BA U2568 BOX DRAWINGS UP DOUBLE AND HORIZONTAL SINGLE 187 BB U2569 BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE UP AND HORIZONTAL 188 BC U256A BOX DRAWINGS VERTICAL SINGLE AND HORIZONTAL DOUBLE 189 BD U0490 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER GHE WITH UPTURN 190 BE U256C BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL 191 BF U00A9 COPYRIGHT SIGN 192 C0 U044E CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER YU 193 C1 U0430 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER A 194 C2 U0431 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER BE 195 C3 U0446 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER TSE 196 C4 U0434 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER DE 197 C5 U0435 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER IE 198 C6 U0444 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER EF 199 C7 U0433 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER GHE 200 C8 U0445 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER KHA 201 C9 U0438 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER I 202 CA U0439 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER SHORT I 203 CB U043A CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER KA 204 CC U043B CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER EL 205 CD U043C CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER EM 206 CE U043D CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER EN 207 CF U043E CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER O 208 D0 U043F CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER PE 209 D1 U044F CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER YA 210 D2 U0440 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER ER 211 D3 U0441 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER ES 212 D4 U0442 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER TE 213 D5 U0443 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER U 214 D6 U0436 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER ZHE 215 D7 U0432 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER VE 216 D8 U044C CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER SOFT SIGN 217 D9 U044B CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER YERU 218 DA U0437 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER ZE 219 DB U0448 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER SHA 220 DC U044D CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER E 221 DD U0449 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER SHCHA 222 DE U0447 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER CHE 223 DF U044A CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER HARD SIGN 224 E0 U042E CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER YU 225 E1 U0410 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER A 226 E2 U0411 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER BE 227 E3 U0426 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER TSE 228 E4 U0414 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER DE 229 E5 U0415 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER IE KOI8-U Working Group Informational [Page 4]
RFC 2319 Ukrainian Character Set KOI8-U April 1998 230 E6 U0424 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER EF 231 E7 U0413 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER GHE 232 E8 U0425 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER KHA 233 E9 U0418 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER I 234 EA U0419 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER SHORT I 235 EB U041A CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER KA 236 EC U041B CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER EL 237 ED U041C CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER EM 238 EE U041D CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER EN 239 EF U041E CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER O 240 F0 U041F CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER PE 241 F1 U042F CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER YA 242 F2 U0420 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER ER 243 F3 U0421 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER ES 244 F4 U0422 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER TE 245 F5 U0423 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER U 246 F6 U0416 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER ZHE 247 F7 U0412 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER VE 248 F8 U042C CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER SOFT SIGN 249 F9 U042B CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER YERU 250 FA U0417 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER ZE 251 FB U0428 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER SHA 252 FC U042D CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER E 253 FD U0429 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER SHCHA 254 FE U0427 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER CHE 255 FF U042A CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER HARD SIGN Security Considerations This memo raises no known security issues. Acknowledgments The present edition of this document was prepared by joint activity of KOI8-U Working group and is a result of wide discussion in Ukrainian USENET newsgroup ukr.nodes and consensus reached among majority of Ukrainian ISPs. Special acknowledges to: Andrew Chernov <ache@astral.msk.su>, author of the first on Internet RFC 1489 describing KOI8-R Russian character set; Igor Sviridov <sia@nest.org> for the initial work on establishing and support of KOI8-U character set and it's implementation in first e- mail products. KOI8-U Working Group Informational [Page 5]
RFC 2319 Ukrainian Character Set KOI8-U April 1998 Many people have contributed to the early work on koi8-u encoding: Stanislav V. Voronyi <stas@uanet.kharkov.ua> Serge Vakulenko <vak@zebub.msk.su> Lena Savchenko <epsav@eps.computerland.kiev.ua> Igor Romanenko <igor@carrier.kiev.ua> Ruslan Belkin <rus@UA.net> Andrey Blohintsev <bag@UA.net> References [1] Chernov, A., "Registration of a Cyrillic Character Set", RFC 1489, July 1993. [2] UNICODE 2.0 CHARACTER DATABASE. - ftp://unicode.org/pub/2.0- Update/UnicodeData-2.0.14.txt [3] Ukrainian letters in koi8-u and other character sets ftp://ftp.ua.net/pub/info/encodings/koi8-u/ukr_chars_in_koi8- u_and_others.txt, June 1995. [4] ECMA-CYRILLIC. - ftp://dkuug.dk/i18n/charmaps.all/ECMA- CYRILLIC [5] Simonsen, K., "Character Mnemonics & Character Sets" RFC 1345, June 1992. KOI8-U Working Group List Coordinator: Alexander Yeremenko <koi8-u@sita.kiev.ua> Yuri Demchenko <demch@cad.ntu-kpi.kiev.ua> Victor Forsyuk <victor@gu.net> Taras Heychenko <tasic@lucky.net> Pavel Gulchuk <gul@lucky.net> Dmitry Kohmanyuk <dk@farm.org> Boris Mostovoy <vms@breaker.gu.net> Helen Panchenko <elena@alex-ua.com> Igor Romanenko <igor@lucky.net> Eugene Sherstobitov <gene@lucky.net> Andrew Stesin <stesin@gu.net> Igor Sviridov <sia@nest.org> Roman A. Tkachuk <roman@bit.ternopil.ua> KOI8-U Working Group Informational [Page 6]
RFC 2319 Ukrainian Character Set KOI8-U April 1998 APPENDIX A DIFFERENCE OF KOI8-U from KOI8-R (RFC 1489) KOI8-U is compatible with KOI8-R in all Cyrillic Letters and completes it with four Ukrainian letters UKRAINIAN IE #164, #180, CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER BELORUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN I #166, #182, UKRAINIAN YI #167, #183, UKRAINIAN GHE WITH UPTURN #173, #189. <decimal> <hex-code> <UCS> <description> 164 A4 U0454 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER UKRAINIAN IE 166 A6 U0456 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER BELORUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN I 167 A7 U0457 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER YI (UKRAINIAN) 173 AD U0491 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER UKRAINIAN GHE WITH UPTURN 180 B4 U0403 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER UKRAINIAN IE 182 B6 U0406 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER BELORUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN I 183 B7 U0407 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER YI (UKRAINIAN) 189 BD U0490 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER UKRAINIAN GHE WITH UPTURN KOI8-U Working Group Informational [Page 7]
RFC 2319 Ukrainian Character Set KOI8-U April 1998 APPENDIX B KOI8-U charset table in RFC1345 format &charset KOI8-U &rem source: RFC 2319 &rem Mibenum: 2088 &rem source: http://www.net.ua/KOI8-U/ &bits 8 &code 0 NU SH SX EX ET EQ AK BL BS HT LF VT FF CR SO SI DL D1 D2 D3 D4 NK SY EB CN EM SB EC FS GS RS US SP ! " Nb DO % & ' ( ) * + , - . / 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 : ; < = > ? At A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z <( // )> '> _ '! a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z (! !! !) '? DT hh vv dr dl ur ul vr vl dh uh vh TB LB FB lB RB .S :S ?S Iu fS Sb RT ?2 =< >= NS Il DG 2S .M -: HH VV dR io ie DR ii yi LD uR Ur UR uL g3 UL vR Vr VR vL IO IE VL II YI DH uH Uh UH vH G3 VH Co ju a= b= c= d= e= f= g= h= i= j= k= l= m= n= o= p= ja r= s= t= u= z% v= %' y= z= s% je sc c% =' JU A= B= C= D= E= F= G= H= I= J= K= L= M= N= O= P= JA R= S= T= U= Z% V= %" Y= Z= S% JE Sc C% =" KOI8-U Working Group Informational [Page 8]
RFC 2319 Ukrainian Character Set KOI8-U April 1998 Full Copyright Statement Copyright (C) The Internet Society (1998). All Rights Reserved. This document and translations of it may be copied and furnished to others, and derivative works that comment on or otherwise explain it or assist in its implementation may be prepared, copied, published and distributed, in whole or in part, without restriction of any kind, provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are included on all such copies and derivative works. However, this document itself may not be modified in any way, such as by removing the copyright notice or references to the Internet Society or other Internet organizations, except as needed for the purpose of developing Internet standards in which case the procedures for copyrights defined in the Internet Standards process must be followed, or as required to translate it into languages other than English. The limited permissions granted above are perpetual and will not be revoked by the Internet Society or its successors or assigns. This document and the information contained herein is provided on an "AS IS" basis and THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE INTERNET ENGINEERING TASK FORCE DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. KOI8-U Working Group Informational [Page 9]